The building that houses the Musem (that was opened
to the public in 1869) is the old convent of Dominican
order, restored and enlarged to its present size for
Cosimo the Elder de' Medici by the architect Michelozzo
(1396-1472). Consacrated in 1443, this building was
the scene of fervent religious activity and played
host to personalities like S. Antonino Pierozzi, Bishop
of Florence, Beato Angelico (c.14001450) and later
Girolamo Savonarola.
The
Museum offers visitors an example of a perfectly preserved
15th century convent, based on the rational and harmonious
plan inspired by Bruschelleschi's innovations. On
the other hand, the complex also contains the works
of Fra' Angelico, a Dominican monk who closely collaborated
with Michelozzo and his pupils to the fresco of the
large alms-house, the refectory, the cloister and
the monks' cells on the first floor. One of the most
famous frescoes is the (Crucifixion painted in the
Chapter House, permeated by the contemplative melancholy
found in the refined spirituality of the Dominicans.
Among the frescoes of the cells, which are austere
yet full of meditative inspiration for the brethren,
we find the Annunciation, the Three Maries at the
Tomb , and the Noli me tangere.
The
panel paintings in the Refectory comprise the earlier
works of Angelico,in addition to a superb reredos
showing the Last Judgement and the Deposition set
against the background of the Tuscan hills. In addition
to the works of the Dominican Fray, the museum displays
a beautiful Last Supper frescoed by Ghirlandaio at
the end of the 15th century and a fine series of paintings
by Fra' Bartolomeo, who spent some time in the convent
at the beginning of the 15th century and to whom an
entire room is dedicated. The Large Refectory is instead
dedicated to the painters of his school. The Library
(one of the most harmonicus examples of Renaissance
architecture) displays a fine collection of illuminated
manuscripts produced in the convent that reflect the
same spirit of meditative creativity. In addition
to the cell that once belonged to Savonarola, it is
also possible to visit the cells where Cosimo the
Elder retired to meditate.
The
Visitor's Area and the underground room display a
tidy and well preserved collection of precious objects
and relics that were saved from the 19th century destruction
of the convent, in addition to a rare collection of
bells.